What is a controller?
A controller keeps planes safe by telling them when to take off, where to fly and how far apart to stay.
What is radar?
Radar bounces radio waves off planes to find where they are. Each dot on your screen is a real plane.
Why runways wait
A plane leaves wake turbulence behind it, so each runway must rest before the next take-off.
Weather
Storms and crosswinds make flying risky. Controllers reroute planes around them.
Planes and the planet
Aviation makes about 2.5% of the world's CO₂. Shorter routes burn less fuel, so every good shortcut helps.
How to fly greener
Direct routes, less waiting in the air, smooth descents, and newer fuel-saving planes all cut emissions.